Fitting Types

Depending on the specific application, malleable iron fittings come in a diverse range of types and configurations to meet the needs of plumbing, heating, and gas installations. These fittings are available in two primary finishes: self-colour (black pipe fittings) and galvanized pipe fittings. The black pipe fittings are typically used for non-corrosive environments, while galvanized pipe fittings are coated with a protective layer of zinc, making them resistant to rust and corrosion, which is ideal for outdoor and high-moisture environments.

Here’s a breakdown of the various types of malleable iron fittings, each serving a unique function in plumbing systems:

Elbows:

Elbows are used to change the direction of pipe runs. Available in 45-degree and 90-degree angles, these fittings allow for redirection of the flow in a piping system, making them essential for navigating around obstacles or routing pipes where needed. Elbows are particularly useful in tight spaces and complex layouts.

Tees:

A tee fitting connects three sections of pipe and allows for the division or combination of fluid flow. This T-shaped fitting is essential in systems where multiple outlets or branches are required. Tees are versatile, used in both horizontal and vertical pipe configurations, and can accommodate various flow directions.

Crosses:

Cross fittings, also known as four-way fittings, have four openings and are used to connect four pipe sections at right angles to each other. Crosses are used in special applications where multiple branches of piping need to be joined, and they ensure equal distribution of flow.

Reducers:

Reducers are fittings that allow for the connection of pipes of different diameters. They are used when a reduction in pipe size is necessary to maintain the correct pressure or flow rate. Reducers come in two types: concentric and eccentric, allowing for different configurations based on the system’s needs.

Sockets:

Sockets, also known as couplings, are short fittings used to connect two pipes of the same diameter. Sockets are essential for extending the length of a piping system or repairing a broken section of pipe. They provide a secure and leak-proof connection.

Nipples:

Nipples are short lengths of pipe with external threads on both ends, used for connecting two fittings or extending pipe runs. These fittings are highly versatile and are commonly used in plumbing systems where a short, straight connection is required between other fittings.

Plugs:

Plugs are used to close off the end of a pipe. They are threaded to screw into the opening of the pipe, effectively sealing the system and preventing leaks or the entry of contaminants. Plugs are easy to install and remove, making them ideal for systems that may need future access.

Caps:

Similar to plugs, caps are used to close off the end of a pipe, but unlike plugs, caps are fitted over the outside of a pipe or fitting. They are typically used when a system needs to be permanently or temporarily sealed while maintaining easy access for future modifications or expansions.

Nuts:

Nuts are threaded fasteners used to secure two threaded pipe sections together. In plumbing systems, nuts are critical in creating strong, leak-proof joints when used with other fittings like unions. They can be easily tightened or loosened to allow for adjustments or disassembly when needed.